Data Coverage votes: complete lobbying: missing bill linkage: partial finance receipts: complete finance spending: complete independent expenditures: complete
Profile completeness: 75%
Caveats Lobbying disclosure (LD-2) filings have not been ingested — signals depending on this data are absent. Bill-to-vote crosswalk are partially available — related signals may undercount. Unavailable Data The following data sources were not available for this politician: Lobbying disclosure (LD-2) filings.
issue overlap medium score 100 Requires context Agriculture & Food, Trade & Commerce, Government Operations appear in both lobbying filings and campaign contributions — $3,952 in overlapping funding across 232 lobbying filings.
Source Record Rationale Link fec_contributions fec_contribution:sub:4041520261435780771 Contribution in overlapping issue area FEC receipt 40415202… fec_contributions fec_contribution:sub:4041520261435783339 Contribution in overlapping issue area FEC receipt 40415202… fec_contributions fec_contribution:sub:4041520261435783406 Contribution in overlapping issue area FEC receipt 40415202…
vote deviation medium score 80 Under review $3,170 in contributions came from Government Operations, Agriculture & Food — areas with no matching votes. votes appear in Social Policy, Energy & Environment without matching funding.
Source Record Rationale Link fec_contributions fec_contribution:sub:4041520261435783339 Contribution row used in funding profile FEC receipt 40415202… fec_contributions fec_contribution:sub:4041520261435783406 Contribution row used in funding profile FEC receipt 40415202… fec_contributions fec_contribution:sub:4041520261435780771 Contribution row used in funding profile FEC receipt 40415202…
multi registrant bill pressure high score 80 Under review 9 voted bills had coordinated lobbying pressure — Military Construction Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024, Social Security Fairness Act of 2023, Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2025 were lobbied by up to 461 independent firms.
Source Record Rationale Link congress_votes senate_roll_call:118:1:334:KY:PAUL Vote on bill with coordinated lobbying pressure Senate vote #334 congress_votes senate_roll_call:118:1:340:KY:PAUL Vote on bill with coordinated lobbying pressure Senate vote #340 congress_votes senate_roll_call:118:2:326:KY:PAUL Vote on bill with coordinated lobbying pressure Senate vote #326
vote party alignment high score 69 Core Votes with Republicans 77% of the time — 66 breaks from the majority across 286 roll calls.
Source Record Rationale Link congress_votes senate_roll_call:117:1:509:KY:PAUL Scored vote row Senate vote #509 congress_votes senate_roll_call:117:1:511:KY:PAUL Scored vote row Senate vote #511 congress_votes senate_roll_call:117:1:510:KY:PAUL Scored vote row Senate vote #510
bipartisan defection cluster high score 66 Requires context Voted against party majority alongside cross-party defectors in 44 roll calls.
Source Record Rationale Link congress_votes senate_roll_call:117:2:420:KY:PAUL Bipartisan defection vote Senate vote #420 congress_votes senate_roll_call:118:1:334:KY:PAUL Bipartisan defection vote Senate vote #334 congress_votes senate_roll_call:118:1:333:KY:PAUL Bipartisan defection vote Senate vote #333
registrant client capture medium score 50 Under review Florida Sugar Cane League, FEDERAL SOLUTIONS, LLC, Fourth Street Advocacy (Corsa Potomac, Llc) are heavily concentrated — top client accounts for 84%+ of revenue (HHI 8649).
Source Record Rationale Link lobbying_filings lda:ld2:1462f1c5-80f9-4f0f-bbc4-77f8b8445354:0 Lobbying filing from captured registrant LDA filing 1462f1c5… lobbying_filings lda:ld2:178319a7-dc7c-4516-892b-911ec2ab1577:0 Lobbying filing from captured registrant LDA filing 178319a7… lobbying_filings lda:ld2:7c651ae4-0a98-48a0-829a-6c1943dd6113:0 Lobbying filing from captured registrant LDA filing 7c651ae4…
lobby donate overlap medium score 48 Requires context Lobby-donate overlap: 6 client-employer overlaps — $430 in overlapping contributions.
Source Record Rationale Link fec_contributions fec_contribution:sub:4041520261435785941 Contribution from convergent employer FEC receipt 40415202… fec_contributions fec_contribution:sub:4041520261435785987 Contribution from convergent employer FEC receipt 40415202… fec_contributions fec_contribution:sub:4041520261435785915 Contribution from convergent employer FEC receipt 40415202… fec_contributions fec_contribution:sub:4041520261435785943 Contribution from convergent employer FEC receipt 40415202…
pre vote surge medium score 46 Requires context $20,805 in contributions in the 14 days before a vote on "Motion to Invoke Cloture: John Thomas Shepherd to be U.S. District Judge for the Western District of Arkansas" (Mon Apr 13 2026 00:00:00 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time)) — 3.1x the baseline daily rate.
Source Record Rationale Link congress_votes senate_roll_call:119:2:75:KY:PAUL Vote with pre-vote contribution surge Senate vote #75 fec_contributions fec_contribution:sub:4041520261435783406 Contribution in pre-vote surge window FEC receipt 40415202… fec_contributions fec_contribution:sub:4041520261435783339 Contribution in pre-vote surge window FEC receipt 40415202… fec_contributions fec_contribution:sub:4041520261435783170 Contribution in pre-vote surge window
temporal proximity medium score 44 Core $43,630 in contributions landed within 30 days of 75 congressional votes.
Source Record Rationale Link congress_votes senate_roll_call:119:2:105:KY:PAUL Vote near contribution window Senate vote #105 congress_votes senate_roll_call:119:2:98:KY:PAUL Vote near contribution window Senate vote #98 congress_votes senate_roll_call:119:2:104:KY:PAUL Vote near contribution window Senate vote #104 congress_votes senate_roll_call:119:2:100:KY:PAUL Vote near contribution window Senate vote #100
outside spend spike low score 44 Core $160,890 in outside spending on record.
Source Record Rationale Link fec_independent_expenditures fec_independent_expenditure:sub:4013020251138974278 Outside spending row FEC expenditure 40130202… fec_independent_expenditures fec_independent_expenditure:sub:4022120251177771444 Outside spending row FEC expenditure 40221202… fec_independent_expenditures fec_independent_expenditure:sub:4013020251138974277 Outside spending row FEC expenditure 40130202… fec_independent_expenditures fec_independent_expenditure:sub:4022120251177771420 Outside spending row FEC expenditure 40221202…
Generated by Cooked on July 9, 2026. Data sourced from FEC.gov, Congress.gov, and LDA Senate public records.