Evidence Casebook

Data Coverage

Profile completeness: 58%

Caveats

• Lobbying disclosure (LD-2) filings have not been ingested — signals depending on this data are absent.
• Bill-to-vote crosswalk are partially available — related signals may undercount.
• Independent expenditures returned no records after repeated attempts.

Unavailable Data

The following data sources were not available for this politician: Lobbying disclosure (LD-2) filings.

Government Operations, Trade & Commerce, Finance & Banking appear in both lobbying filings and campaign contributions — $26,153 in overlapping funding across 299 lobbying filings.

20 voted bills had coordinated lobbying pressure — Expanding Access to Capital Act of 2023, Save Our Seas 2.0 Amendments Act, Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2024 were lobbied by up to 434 independent firms.

Florida Sugar Cane League, FEDERAL SOLUTIONS, LLC, Fourth Street Advocacy (Corsa Potomac, Llc) are heavily concentrated — top client accounts for 84%+ of revenue (HHI 8649).

$11,193 in contributions came from Government Operations — areas with no matching votes. votes appear in Transportation, Social Policy without matching funding.

$35,699 in contributions landed within 30 days of 85 congressional votes.

Lobby-donate overlap: 3 client-employer overlaps — $3,550 in overlapping contributions.

Voted against party majority alongside cross-party defectors in 8 roll calls.

12% abstention rate on lobbied bills vs 5% overall — 7pp differential across 52 lobbied-bill votes.

Votes with Democrats 96% of the time — 13 breaks from the majority across 355 roll calls.