Evidence Casebook

Data Coverage

Profile completeness: 58%

Caveats

• Lobbying disclosure (LD-2) filings have not been ingested — signals depending on this data are absent.
• Bill-to-vote crosswalk are partially available — related signals may undercount.
• Independent expenditures returned no records after repeated attempts.

Unavailable Data

The following data sources were not available for this politician: Lobbying disclosure (LD-2) filings.

$148,310 in contributions landed within 30 days of 85 congressional votes.

Trade & Commerce, Finance & Banking, Education appear in both lobbying filings and campaign contributions — $100,696 in overlapping funding across 275 lobbying filings.

18 voted bills had coordinated lobbying pressure — Expanding Access to Capital Act of 2023, Save Our Seas 2.0 Amendments Act, Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2024 were lobbied by up to 434 independent firms.

$42,250 in contributions in the 14 days before a vote on "On Agreeing to the Amendment" (Thu Dec 18 2025 00:00:00 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time)) — 4.2x the baseline daily rate.

$80,750 in contributions in the 30 days after a vote on "On Agreeing to the Resolution" (Tue Dec 02 2025 00:00:00 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time)) — 3.8x the baseline daily rate.

Florida Sugar Cane League, FEDERAL SOLUTIONS, LLC, Fourth Street Advocacy (Corsa Potomac, Llc) are heavily concentrated — top client accounts for 84%+ of revenue (HHI 8649).

Lobby-donate overlap: 4 client-employer overlaps — $3,750 in overlapping contributions.

Voted against party majority alongside cross-party defectors in 7 roll calls.

Votes with Democrats 94% of the time — 20 breaks from the majority across 337 roll calls.

$9,500 in contributions came from Government Operations — areas with no matching votes. votes appear in Social Policy, Taxation without matching funding.